Pure & Applied Chemistry

Applied Biochemistry is also called as Biological Chemistry, is the study of chemical process within living organisms. Animal Biochemistry is the study of different chemical reactions going on in the body of animal for life. Plant biochemistry is not only an important field of basic science explaining the molecular function of a plant, but is also an applied science that is in the position to contribute to the solution of agricultural and pharmaceutical problems. Plant biochemistry consists of the chemical elements of which plants are constructed—principally carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, etc. Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between the different types of DNA, RNA and proteins and their biosynthesis, and studies how these interactions are regulated. Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms. It is generally considered a field of biology, many of the life sciences. Molecular Enzymology deals with enzymes, enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions.

Physical Chemistry is the application of physical principles and measurements to understand the properties & characteristics of matter, as well as for the development of new technologies for the environment, energy and medicine. Acid bases include acid base reactions, aqueous solutions, buffers, ionization constants, polyprotic acids and bases. Nuclear chemistry includes applications of nuclear chemistry, applied nuclear chemistry, components of the nucleus, fission and fusion, nuclear reactions, nuclear chain reactions, thermodynamic stability of the atomic nucleus. Quantum mechanics deals with waves and particles, fundamentals of quantum mechanics, postulates of quantum mechanics, angular momentum, molecular spectroscopy, quantum states of atoms and molecules.

Applied Surface Chemistry forms combined with Polymer Technology, Biopolymer Technology and Pharmaceutical Technology. Nanomaterials can be used as templates to create inorganic materials – metals, metal oxides, nanoparticles, nanowires have been prepared by this route. Examples of applications include catalysts for emission control, electrode materials for fuel cells, and porous media in which enzymes and metal-organic homogeneous catalysts can be inserted. Bionanomaterials, i.e., nanomaterials with applications withing biotechnology and biomedicine, Dental implants are one useful application.

Heterogeneous catalysts act in a different phase than the reactants. Most heterogeneous catalysts are solids that act on substrate in a liquid or gaseous reaction mixture. Homogeneous catalysts function in the same phase as the reactants, typically homogeneous catalysts are dissolved in a solvent with the substrates. In acid catalysis and base catalysis a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. The acid is the proton donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by electron transfer are esterification and aldol reactions. Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the speed of a chemical reaction by the active site of a protein.

Polymer chemistry is a multidisciplinary science that deals with the  synthesis and chemical properties of polymers which were considered as macromolecules. Polymers are high molecular mass compounds formed by polymerization of monomers. Schematically polymers are subdivided into biopolymers, synthetic polymers and thermoplastic polymers. Bipolymers produced by living organisms, Thermoplastic polymers such as polyethylene, teflon, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, Poly(methyl methacrylate), vinyl chloride, nylon, rayon, cellulose, silicon, glass fiber. There are different types of polymerization namely Living polymerization, Block and functional polymers, Group transfer polymerization, Living radical polymerization.

Medicinal chemistry is the intersection of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology, where they are involved with design, chemical synthesis and development for market of pharmaceutical agents, or bio-active molecules. Medicinal chemistry  focus on small organic molecules, encompasses synthetic organic chemistry and aspects of natural products and computational chemistry are close combination with chemical biology, enzymology and structural biology together aiming at the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents. It involves chemical aspects of identification, and synthetic alteration of new chemical entities to make them suitable for therapeutic use, understanding their structure-activity relationships. Drug discovery is the identification of novel active chemical compounds. It also studies about the drug metabolism.

Organometallic chemistry is the study of chemical compounds containing at least one bond between a carbon atom of an organic compound and a metal. Organometallic chemistry combines aspects of inorganic chemistry also known as bioinorganic chemistry and organic chemistry. Organometallic compounds are widely used in homogeneous catalysis. Organometallic compounds are distinguished by the prefix "organo-" e.g. organopalladium compounds and Organometallic catalysis. 

Energy exists in several forms, like heat, light, energy, and voltage. Energy is that the ability to bring forth modification or to try and do work. Physics is that the study of energy. First Law of Thermodynamics. Energy will be modified from one kind to a different; however it can't be created or destroyed. The whole quantity of energy and matter within the Universe remains constant, simply ever-changing from one kind to a different. The primary Law of physical model states that energy is usually preserved, it can't be created or destroyed. In essence, energy will be regenerate from one kind into another.

Extraction in chemistry may be a separation technique consisting within the separation of a substance from a matrix. It includes Liquid-liquid extraction, and Solid part extraction. Crystallization is additionally a chemical solid–liquid separation technique, within which heat transfer of a substance from the liquid resolution to a pure solid crystalline part happens. In chemical engineering crystallization happens in an exceedingly crystallizer. Sublimation is that the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas part while not passing through the intermediate liquid part.

The development of science and technology has been giving us a lot of benefits. Chemistry is a field which has greatly contributed to the development. The advanced technology has often required the basic research. Therefore, the Course of Applied Chemistry covers a variety of chemical fields, working on various materials including metal compounds, inorganic and organic pesticides, polymers, proteins etc., doing basic researches and their applications. The Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry field is trying to contribute to the progress of the modern society by devising novel processes for material synthesis and creating new functional materials, based on the profound understanding and precise control of a variety of chemical reactions.