Applied Chemistry

Biography

Biography: Petr Ketov

Abstract

Nanocarbon fibers produced by catalytic dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons are considered to be a promising material for solving problems of sorption, catalysis, and construction materials science. However, their synthesis comes across a number of technological and materials science related problems. Method of catalytic dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons to obtain nanocarbon fibers directly on the surface of an inert macroporous support is considered. The specific features and limitations of the method are discussed. It was demonstrated that the method of homogeneous deposition of Ni²⁺ compounds onto the surface of coarsely porous supports enables a uniform distribution of Ni²⁺compounds over the support surface in a dispersity acceptable for further catalytic pyrolysis of hydrocarbons on a material of this kind for obtaining coatings composed of nanocarbon fibers. It was shown that the distribution of Ni²⁺ among the solution, precipitate, and amount deposited onto the support surface in the course of homogeneous deposition in the reaction of carbamide hydrolysis in the presence of soluble Ni²⁺ salts is of a rather complex nature, being determined primarily by temperature, time, Ni²⁺ and (NH₂)₂CO concentrations, and S/V ratio of a support placed in solution. The fraction of Ni²⁺ that is deposited on the support surface and cannot be involved in the pyrolysis process was determined. Every mole of nickel satisfying the hydrocarbon pyrolysis conditions can produce 4230±150 g of carbon as a result of the catalytic pyrolysis of butane.